Does the blood flow restricted training with cooling influence the acute angiogenic and endothelial resposne?
Aleksandra Wlodarczyk1, Agnieszka Wachsmann-Maga2, Martyna Schonborn2, Agnieszka Trynkiewicz1, Małgorzata Cebenko1, Pawel Maga2, Roman Nowobilski3, Mikolaj Maga3
1Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medical Faculty, Krakow, Poland2Department of Angiology, Medical Faculty, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland3Department of Rehabilitation in Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
INTRODUCTION:Atherosclerosis as the main cause of death in adults is one of the greatest challenges of modern medicine. Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a condition with worldwide increasing occurrence affecting more than 20% of Europeans and North Americans in the age group> 55 years, and in the group> 70 years of age affects as much as 60% of the population. Among many treatment forms the endovascular treatment remains the most common treatment method, however the most non-invasive, but still effective is rehabilitation by physical training. Recently, innovative solutions have been introduced concerning this form of treatment by combining anaerobic interval exercises with venous blood flow restriction (BFR) and cooling.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of an innovative blood flow restricted training (BFRT) on the endothelial and angiogenic response.
METHODS: 35 healthy volunteers (age 24.3±2.4; 45,7% males) were enrolled into our prospective study. They performed a 21-minute interval training using a cross trainer with cooling liquid pressure cuffs (arms: 40 mmHg; legs: 65 mmHg) providing vein occlusion and cooling seat and 3 months later without vein occlusion. Angiogenic processes and endothelial functions were monitored before, as well as 20 to 30 minutes after the training by laboratory parameters - vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFR-2,), clusters of differentiation (CD31, CD34) as well as imaging examinations - flow mediated dilatation (FMD), stiffness index (SI), reflexion index (RI), reactive hyperaemia index (RHI) and augmentation index (AI).
RESULTS: All of the laboratory parameters were significantly elevated after the BFRT- CD34 (ΔCD34: 0.13 vs 0.01 p<0,001), CD31 (ΔCD31: 1.11 vs 0.37 p<0,001) and VEGFR (ΔVEGFR: 6.35 vs 2.86 p<0.001).Only FMD and RI of all endothelial imaging parametrs significantly changed after BFRT compared to regular training (FMD: 8.9% vs 7.41 p<0,001 ΔFMD: 2.89 vs 1.33 p<0,01; RI: 63.43 vs 69.49 p<0,001, ΔRI: 4.0 vs 2.0, p>0,001). RHI and AI weren’t significantly influenced by any exercise type.
CONCLUSIONS: Our team observed that during BFR exercise, the levels of vascular factors responsible for neoangiogenesis increase in healthy volunteers. Our results indicate that it stimulates neoangiogenesis and improves endothelial functions not only immediately after exercise, but that this effect can be long-lasting in PAD patients. This 1st stage results are being now implemented into the 2nd part of project involving PAD patients. In conclusions, BFTR training may improve clinical outcomes and protect PAD patients against disease progression and its complications.
Back to 2022 Posters